Summer Course – Business Performance Evaluation<\/title>\n <style>\n * {\n margin: 0;\n padding: 0;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n }\n\n body {\n font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;\n line-height: 1.6;\n color: #333;\n background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);\n padding: 20px;\n }\n\n .container {\n max-width: 1200px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n background: white;\n border-radius: 15px;\n box-shadow: 0 10px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);\n overflow: hidden;\n }\n\n header {\n background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1e3c72 0%, #2a5298 100%);\n color: white;\n padding: 40px;\n text-align: center;\n }\n\n header h1 {\n font-size: 2.2em;\n margin-bottom: 15px;\n text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);\n }\n\n header p {\n font-size: 1.1em;\n opacity: 0.95;\n }\n\n .intro {\n padding: 40px;\n background: #f8f9fa;\n border-bottom: 3px solid #667eea;\n }\n\n .intro h2 {\n color: #1e3c72;\n margin-bottom: 20px;\n font-size: 1.8em;\n }\n\n .intro p {\n margin-bottom: 15px;\n text-align: justify;\n }\n\n .agenda-container {\n padding: 40px;\n }\n\n .agenda-title {\n text-align: center;\n font-size: 2.5em;\n color: #1e3c72;\n margin-bottom: 40px;\n text-transform: uppercase;\n letter-spacing: 2px;\n }\n\n .day-card {\n margin-bottom: 40px;\n border-radius: 10px;\n overflow: hidden;\n box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\n transition: transform 0.3s ease;\n }\n\n .day-card:hover {\n transform: translateY(-5px);\n box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);\n }\n\n .day-header {\n background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);\n color: white;\n padding: 20px 30px;\n font-size: 1.5em;\n font-weight: bold;\n }\n\n .day-location {\n font-size: 0.8em;\n opacity: 0.9;\n margin-top: 5px;\n }\n\n .session {\n padding: 25px 30px;\n border-left: 5px solid #667eea;\n background: white;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef;\n }\n\n .session:last-child {\n border-bottom: none;\n }\n\n .session:nth-child(even) {\n background: #f8f9fa;\n }\n\n .session-header {\n display: flex;\n justify-content: space-between;\n align-items: center;\n margin-bottom: 15px;\n flex-wrap: wrap;\n }\n\n .session-time {\n background: #667eea;\n color: white;\n padding: 8px 16px;\n border-radius: 20px;\n font-weight: bold;\n font-size: 0.95em;\n }\n\n .session-title {\n font-size: 1.2em;\n color: #1e3c72;\n font-weight: bold;\n margin: 10px 0;\n }\n\n .session-instructor {\n color: #764ba2;\n font-style: italic;\n margin-bottom: 10px;\n }\n\n .session-content {\n margin-top: 15px;\n }\n\n .session-content ul {\n list-style: none;\n padding-left: 0;\n }\n\n .session-content li {\n padding: 5px 0 5px 25px;\n position: relative;\n }\n\n .session-content li:before {\n content: \"\u25aa\";\n position: absolute;\n left: 0;\n color: #667eea;\n font-weight: bold;\n }\n\n .lunch-break {\n background: #fff3cd;\n border-left: 5px solid #ffc107;\n padding: 15px 30px;\n text-align: center;\n font-weight: bold;\n color: #856404;\n font-size: 1.1em;\n }\n\n .closing {\n background: linear-gradient(135deg, #11998e 0%, #38ef7d 100%);\n color: white;\n padding: 20px 30px;\n text-align: center;\n font-size: 1.2em;\n }\n\n footer {\n background: #1e3c72;\n color: white;\n text-align: center;\n padding: 20px;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n }\n\n @media (max-width: 768px) {\n header h1 {\n font-size: 1.5em;\n }\n\n .agenda-title {\n font-size: 1.8em;\n }\n\n .session-header {\n flex-direction: column;\n align-items: flex-start;\n }\n\n .session-time {\n margin-bottom: 10px;\n }\n }\n <\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n <div class=\"container\">\n <header>\n <h1>Summer Course<\/h1>\n <p>Business Performance Evaluation Using Frontier Techniques<\/p>\n <\/header>\n\n <section class=\"intro\">\n <h2>About the Course<\/h2>\n <p>This summer course is focused on the building of knowledge in the field of business performance evaluation using frontier techniques. Its aims are to enable participants, including PhD students and other advanced study cycles, as well as practitioners from different areas of technical and scientific expertise, to acquire and extract knowledge for performance evaluation using frontier techniques from non-parametric (Data Envelopment Analysis – DEA) and parametric (Stochastic Frontier Analysis – SFA) methods and their application in a diversity of business contexts, using software such as R studio and Stata, among others.<\/p>\n \n <p>A large part of the course will be devoted to Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), a non-parametric method that evaluates the efficiency of similar decision-making units (DMUs) with multiple inputs and outputs. By contrast with parametric methods, Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), the DEA method avoids prior assumptions about functional form or distribution. It establishes an empirical production frontier using observed DMU data, representing the multiple input-output relationship. Each DMU is evaluated against this frontier to determine efficiency, handling multiple inputs\/outputs, benchmarking potential and flexibility in addressing efficiency issues such as cost, production and allocative efficiency.<\/p>\n \n <p>Taking a strong theoretical and practical approach, the entire programme has been structured to showcase, discuss and use both classic approaches and new developments in frontier analysis applied to different organisational contexts in a meaningful way. In practical terms, throughout the programme participants are exposed to real-life case studies, with varying degrees of complexity, for which they are required to design, test and evaluate models capable of extracting valuable knowledge and providing support for decision-making based on proactive and data-driven efficiencies, such as the outcomes and inputs used in the performance frontier.<\/p>\n <\/section>\n\n <section class=\"agenda-container\">\n <h2 class=\"agenda-title\">Agenda<\/h2>\n\n \n <div class=\"day-card\">\n <div class=\"day-header\">\n Monday, 26 January\n <div class=\"day-location\">Room 10.2.41<\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">10:00 – 11:30<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Welcome and Kick-off<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Welcome: Silvina Santana, V\u00edtor Moutinho, Jorge Mota, Filipe Sardo<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Kick-off – Setting the stage: Silvina Santana, V\u00edctor Moutinho<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-title\">Module #1: Performance Assessment using Frontier Techniques<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">By Ana Camanho and Hermilio Vilarinho<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">11:30 – 13:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #1<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Ana Camanho<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Introduction to efficiency measurement<\/li>\n <li>Introduction to Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) \u2013 underlying concepts<\/li>\n <li>Formulation of the DEA model<\/li>\n <li>DEA in practice: A simple illustrative example in Excel<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"lunch-break\">\ud83c\udf7d\ufe0f LUNCH \u2013 UA Restaurant<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">14:30 – 16:30<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #2<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Ana Camanho & Herm\u00edlio Vilarinho<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Extensions to the original Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model<\/li>\n <li>Returns to scale analysis (VRS model, NIRS and NDRS) & scale efficiency<\/li>\n <li>Composite indicators<\/li>\n <li>DEA models with weight restrictions<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">17:00 – 19:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #3<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Herm\u00edlio Vilarinho<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Directional distance functions<\/li>\n <li>Economic efficiency assessments<\/li>\n <li>Productivity change over time<\/li>\n <li>Introduction to using R for efficiency evaluations with DEA<\/li>\n <li>Roadmap to DEA applications & Examples<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"day-card\">\n <div class=\"day-header\">\n Tuesday, 27 January\n <div class=\"day-location\">Room 10.2.41<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-title\">Module #2: Performance Assessment using Value-Based DEA<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">By Carla Henriques and Maria Gouveia<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">09:30 – 11:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #1<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Carla Henriques and Maria Gouveia<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Introduction to Value-Based DEA<\/li>\n <li>Radial and Non-radial Efficiency Measures<\/li>\n <li>Understanding Efficiency Scores<\/li>\n <li>Interpretation of DEA Results<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">11:30 – 13:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #2<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Carla Henriques and Maria Gouveia<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Integration of Preferences<\/li>\n <li>Value Functions<\/li>\n <li>Luenberger Productivity Indicator<\/li>\n <li>Application of the Luenberger Indicator in DEA<\/li>\n <li>Interpreting Changes in Productivity<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"lunch-break\">\ud83c\udf7d\ufe0f LUNCH \u2013 UA Restaurant<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">14:30 – 17:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #3<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Carla Henriques and Maria Gouveia<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Robustness in DEA<\/li>\n <li>Understanding Uncertainties in DEA Models<\/li>\n <li>Methods for Enhancing Robustness<\/li>\n <li>Stability Intervals in DEA<\/li>\n <li>Case Studies Demonstrating Robustness Analysis<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">17:30 – 19:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #4<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Carla Henriques and Maria Gouveia<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Introduction of Constraints<\/li>\n <li>Incorporating Constraints into DEA Models<\/li>\n <li>Value-Based DEA<\/li>\n <li>Case Studies and Robustness Applications: Value-Based DEA<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"day-card\">\n <div class=\"day-header\">\n Wednesday, 28 January\n <div class=\"day-location\">Room 10.2.41<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-title\">Module #3: Stochastic Frontier Analysis<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">By V\u00edctor Moutinho, Luis Marques, Pedro Macedo<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">09:30 – 11:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #1: An Introduction to Stochastic Frontier Analysis<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">V\u00edctor Moutinho<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Formulation of the SFA model<\/li>\n <li>Cross-sectional frontier models<\/li>\n <li>Panel data frontier models<\/li>\n <li>Time-invariant technical efficiency<\/li>\n <li>Time-Varying technical efficiency<\/li>\n <li>SFA in practice<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">11:30 – 13:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #2: Multiple Output Stochastic Frontier Analysis<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Lu\u00eds Marques<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>The estimator Translog Ray Function<\/li>\n <li>Advantages<\/li>\n <li>Weaknesses and solutions<\/li>\n <li>Practical application in R: Data import; Necessary packages; How to estimate; Interpretation<\/li>\n <li>Case Study<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"lunch-break\">\ud83c\udf7d\ufe0f LUNCH \u2013 UA Restaurant<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">14:30 – 17:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #3: Maximum Entropy Estimation – New Opportunities in SFA<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Pedro Macedo<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Maximum entropy principle<\/li>\n <li>Background of maximum entropy estimation<\/li>\n <li>Statistical model and technical efficiency<\/li>\n <li>Advantages of maximum entropy estimation<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">17:00 – 19:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #3 (continued)<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Pedro Macedo<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Practical application in STATA<\/li>\n <li>Case Studies<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"day-card\">\n <div class=\"day-header\">\n Thursday, 29 January\n <div class=\"day-location\">Room 10.2.41<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-title\">Module #4: Performance Assessment using Directional Distance Benefit of the Doubt<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">By Giovanna D’Inverno<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">09:30 – 11:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #1<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Giovanna D’Inverno<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Review of Economic Efficiency assessments using DEA analysis<\/li>\n <li>Extensions to the original Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model<\/li>\n <li>Total Productivity<\/li>\n <li>Malmquist Index<\/li>\n <li>Applications & Examples<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">11:30 – 13:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #2<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Giovanna D’Inverno<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Directional Distance Benefit of the Doubt (BoD) index<\/li>\n <li>An innovative benefit-of-the-doubt approach for health system effectiveness<\/li>\n <li>Applications & Examples<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"lunch-break\">\ud83c\udf7d\ufe0f LUNCH \u2013 UA Restaurant<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">14:30 – 17:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #3<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Giovanna D’Inverno<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Composite indicators<\/li>\n <li>Assessment of the Quality of Services (AQS)<\/li>\n <li>A regulatory robust conditional DEA approach to measure the Efficiency<\/li>\n <li>Applications & Examples<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">17:30 – 19:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #4<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Giovanna D’Inverno<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Applications & Examples using R Studio<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"day-card\">\n <div class=\"day-header\">\n Friday, 30 January\n <div class=\"day-location\">Room 10.2.41<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">09:30 – 11:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Discussion of Empirical Applications<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">11:15 – 12:30<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Round Table<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"closing\">\n \ud83c\udf93 CLOSING SESSION\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n \n <\/div>\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Summer Course – Business Performance Evaluation Summer Course Business Performance Evaluation Using Frontier Techniques About the Course This summer course is focused on the building of knowledge in the field of business performance evaluation using frontier techniques. 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<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n Summer Course – Business Performance Evaluation<\/title>\n <style>\n * {\n margin: 0;\n padding: 0;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n }\n\n body {\n font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;\n line-height: 1.6;\n color: #333;\n background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);\n padding: 20px;\n }\n\n .container {\n max-width: 1200px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n background: white;\n border-radius: 15px;\n box-shadow: 0 10px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);\n overflow: hidden;\n }\n\n header {\n background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1e3c72 0%, #2a5298 100%);\n color: white;\n padding: 40px;\n text-align: center;\n }\n\n header h1 {\n font-size: 2.2em;\n margin-bottom: 15px;\n text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);\n }\n\n header p {\n font-size: 1.1em;\n opacity: 0.95;\n }\n\n .intro {\n padding: 40px;\n background: #f8f9fa;\n border-bottom: 3px solid #667eea;\n }\n\n .intro h2 {\n color: #1e3c72;\n margin-bottom: 20px;\n font-size: 1.8em;\n }\n\n .intro p {\n margin-bottom: 15px;\n text-align: justify;\n }\n\n .agenda-container {\n padding: 40px;\n }\n\n .agenda-title {\n text-align: center;\n font-size: 2.5em;\n color: #1e3c72;\n margin-bottom: 40px;\n text-transform: uppercase;\n letter-spacing: 2px;\n }\n\n .day-card {\n margin-bottom: 40px;\n border-radius: 10px;\n overflow: hidden;\n box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\n transition: transform 0.3s ease;\n }\n\n .day-card:hover {\n transform: translateY(-5px);\n box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);\n }\n\n .day-header {\n background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);\n color: white;\n padding: 20px 30px;\n font-size: 1.5em;\n font-weight: bold;\n }\n\n .day-location {\n font-size: 0.8em;\n opacity: 0.9;\n margin-top: 5px;\n }\n\n .session {\n padding: 25px 30px;\n border-left: 5px solid #667eea;\n background: white;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef;\n }\n\n .session:last-child {\n border-bottom: none;\n }\n\n .session:nth-child(even) {\n background: #f8f9fa;\n }\n\n .session-header {\n display: flex;\n justify-content: space-between;\n align-items: center;\n margin-bottom: 15px;\n flex-wrap: wrap;\n }\n\n .session-time {\n background: #667eea;\n color: white;\n padding: 8px 16px;\n border-radius: 20px;\n font-weight: bold;\n font-size: 0.95em;\n }\n\n .session-title {\n font-size: 1.2em;\n color: #1e3c72;\n font-weight: bold;\n margin: 10px 0;\n }\n\n .session-instructor {\n color: #764ba2;\n font-style: italic;\n margin-bottom: 10px;\n }\n\n .session-content {\n margin-top: 15px;\n }\n\n .session-content ul {\n list-style: none;\n padding-left: 0;\n }\n\n .session-content li {\n padding: 5px 0 5px 25px;\n position: relative;\n }\n\n .session-content li:before {\n content: \"\u25aa\";\n position: absolute;\n left: 0;\n color: #667eea;\n font-weight: bold;\n }\n\n .lunch-break {\n background: #fff3cd;\n border-left: 5px solid #ffc107;\n padding: 15px 30px;\n text-align: center;\n font-weight: bold;\n color: #856404;\n font-size: 1.1em;\n }\n\n .closing {\n background: linear-gradient(135deg, #11998e 0%, #38ef7d 100%);\n color: white;\n padding: 20px 30px;\n text-align: center;\n font-size: 1.2em;\n }\n\n footer {\n background: #1e3c72;\n color: white;\n text-align: center;\n padding: 20px;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n }\n\n @media (max-width: 768px) {\n header h1 {\n font-size: 1.5em;\n }\n\n .agenda-title {\n font-size: 1.8em;\n }\n\n .session-header {\n flex-direction: column;\n align-items: flex-start;\n }\n\n .session-time {\n margin-bottom: 10px;\n }\n }\n <\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n <div class=\"container\">\n <header>\n <h1>Summer Course<\/h1>\n <p>Business Performance Evaluation Using Frontier Techniques<\/p>\n <\/header>\n\n <section class=\"intro\">\n <h2>About the Course<\/h2>\n <p>This summer course is focused on the building of knowledge in the field of business performance evaluation using frontier techniques. Its aims are to enable participants, including PhD students and other advanced study cycles, as well as practitioners from different areas of technical and scientific expertise, to acquire and extract knowledge for performance evaluation using frontier techniques from non-parametric (Data Envelopment Analysis – DEA) and parametric (Stochastic Frontier Analysis – SFA) methods and their application in a diversity of business contexts, using software such as R studio and Stata, among others.<\/p>\n \n <p>A large part of the course will be devoted to Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), a non-parametric method that evaluates the efficiency of similar decision-making units (DMUs) with multiple inputs and outputs. By contrast with parametric methods, Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), the DEA method avoids prior assumptions about functional form or distribution. It establishes an empirical production frontier using observed DMU data, representing the multiple input-output relationship. Each DMU is evaluated against this frontier to determine efficiency, handling multiple inputs\/outputs, benchmarking potential and flexibility in addressing efficiency issues such as cost, production and allocative efficiency.<\/p>\n \n <p>Taking a strong theoretical and practical approach, the entire programme has been structured to showcase, discuss and use both classic approaches and new developments in frontier analysis applied to different organisational contexts in a meaningful way. In practical terms, throughout the programme participants are exposed to real-life case studies, with varying degrees of complexity, for which they are required to design, test and evaluate models capable of extracting valuable knowledge and providing support for decision-making based on proactive and data-driven efficiencies, such as the outcomes and inputs used in the performance frontier.<\/p>\n <\/section>\n\n <section class=\"agenda-container\">\n <h2 class=\"agenda-title\">Agenda<\/h2>\n\n \n <div class=\"day-card\">\n <div class=\"day-header\">\n Monday, 26 January\n <div class=\"day-location\">Room 10.2.41<\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">10:00 – 11:30<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Welcome and Kick-off<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Welcome: Silvina Santana, V\u00edtor Moutinho, Jorge Mota, Filipe Sardo<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Kick-off – Setting the stage: Silvina Santana, V\u00edctor Moutinho<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-title\">Module #1: Performance Assessment using Frontier Techniques<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">By Ana Camanho and Hermilio Vilarinho<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">11:30 – 13:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #1<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Ana Camanho<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Introduction to efficiency measurement<\/li>\n <li>Introduction to Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) \u2013 underlying concepts<\/li>\n <li>Formulation of the DEA model<\/li>\n <li>DEA in practice: A simple illustrative example in Excel<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"lunch-break\">\ud83c\udf7d\ufe0f LUNCH \u2013 UA Restaurant<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">14:30 – 16:30<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #2<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Ana Camanho & Herm\u00edlio Vilarinho<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Extensions to the original Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model<\/li>\n <li>Returns to scale analysis (VRS model, NIRS and NDRS) & scale efficiency<\/li>\n <li>Composite indicators<\/li>\n <li>DEA models with weight restrictions<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">17:00 – 19:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #3<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Herm\u00edlio Vilarinho<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Directional distance functions<\/li>\n <li>Economic efficiency assessments<\/li>\n <li>Productivity change over time<\/li>\n <li>Introduction to using R for efficiency evaluations with DEA<\/li>\n <li>Roadmap to DEA applications & Examples<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"day-card\">\n <div class=\"day-header\">\n Tuesday, 27 January\n <div class=\"day-location\">Room 10.2.41<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-title\">Module #2: Performance Assessment using Value-Based DEA<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">By Carla Henriques and Maria Gouveia<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">09:30 – 11:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #1<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Carla Henriques and Maria Gouveia<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Introduction to Value-Based DEA<\/li>\n <li>Radial and Non-radial Efficiency Measures<\/li>\n <li>Understanding Efficiency Scores<\/li>\n <li>Interpretation of DEA Results<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">11:30 – 13:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #2<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Carla Henriques and Maria Gouveia<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Integration of Preferences<\/li>\n <li>Value Functions<\/li>\n <li>Luenberger Productivity Indicator<\/li>\n <li>Application of the Luenberger Indicator in DEA<\/li>\n <li>Interpreting Changes in Productivity<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"lunch-break\">\ud83c\udf7d\ufe0f LUNCH \u2013 UA Restaurant<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">14:30 – 17:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #3<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Carla Henriques and Maria Gouveia<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Robustness in DEA<\/li>\n <li>Understanding Uncertainties in DEA Models<\/li>\n <li>Methods for Enhancing Robustness<\/li>\n <li>Stability Intervals in DEA<\/li>\n <li>Case Studies Demonstrating Robustness Analysis<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">17:30 – 19:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #4<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Carla Henriques and Maria Gouveia<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Introduction of Constraints<\/li>\n <li>Incorporating Constraints into DEA Models<\/li>\n <li>Value-Based DEA<\/li>\n <li>Case Studies and Robustness Applications: Value-Based DEA<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"day-card\">\n <div class=\"day-header\">\n Wednesday, 28 January\n <div class=\"day-location\">Room 10.2.41<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-title\">Module #3: Stochastic Frontier Analysis<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">By V\u00edctor Moutinho, Luis Marques, Pedro Macedo<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">09:30 – 11:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #1: An Introduction to Stochastic Frontier Analysis<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">V\u00edctor Moutinho<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Formulation of the SFA model<\/li>\n <li>Cross-sectional frontier models<\/li>\n <li>Panel data frontier models<\/li>\n <li>Time-invariant technical efficiency<\/li>\n <li>Time-Varying technical efficiency<\/li>\n <li>SFA in practice<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">11:30 – 13:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #2: Multiple Output Stochastic Frontier Analysis<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Lu\u00eds Marques<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>The estimator Translog Ray Function<\/li>\n <li>Advantages<\/li>\n <li>Weaknesses and solutions<\/li>\n <li>Practical application in R: Data import; Necessary packages; How to estimate; Interpretation<\/li>\n <li>Case Study<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"lunch-break\">\ud83c\udf7d\ufe0f LUNCH \u2013 UA Restaurant<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">14:30 – 17:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #3: Maximum Entropy Estimation – New Opportunities in SFA<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Pedro Macedo<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Maximum entropy principle<\/li>\n <li>Background of maximum entropy estimation<\/li>\n <li>Statistical model and technical efficiency<\/li>\n <li>Advantages of maximum entropy estimation<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">17:00 – 19:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #3 (continued)<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Pedro Macedo<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Practical application in STATA<\/li>\n <li>Case Studies<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"day-card\">\n <div class=\"day-header\">\n Thursday, 29 January\n <div class=\"day-location\">Room 10.2.41<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-title\">Module #4: Performance Assessment using Directional Distance Benefit of the Doubt<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">By Giovanna D’Inverno<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">09:30 – 11:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #1<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Giovanna D’Inverno<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Review of Economic Efficiency assessments using DEA analysis<\/li>\n <li>Extensions to the original Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model<\/li>\n <li>Total Productivity<\/li>\n <li>Malmquist Index<\/li>\n <li>Applications & Examples<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">11:30 – 13:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #2<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Giovanna D’Inverno<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Directional Distance Benefit of the Doubt (BoD) index<\/li>\n <li>An innovative benefit-of-the-doubt approach for health system effectiveness<\/li>\n <li>Applications & Examples<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"lunch-break\">\ud83c\udf7d\ufe0f LUNCH \u2013 UA Restaurant<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">14:30 – 17:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #3<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Giovanna D’Inverno<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Composite indicators<\/li>\n <li>Assessment of the Quality of Services (AQS)<\/li>\n <li>A regulatory robust conditional DEA approach to measure the Efficiency<\/li>\n <li>Applications & Examples<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">17:30 – 19:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Session #4<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-instructor\">Giovanna D’Inverno<\/div>\n <div class=\"session-content\">\n <ul>\n <li>Applications & Examples using R Studio<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"day-card\">\n <div class=\"day-header\">\n Friday, 30 January\n <div class=\"day-location\">Room 10.2.41<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">09:30 – 11:00<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Discussion of Empirical Applications<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"session\">\n <div class=\"session-header\">\n <span class=\"session-time\">11:15 – 12:30<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"session-title\">Round Table<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"closing\">\n \ud83c\udf93 CLOSING SESSION\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n \n <\/div>\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Summer Course – Business Performance Evaluation Summer Course Business Performance Evaluation Using Frontier Techniques About the Course This summer course is focused on the building of knowledge in the field of business performance evaluation using frontier techniques. Its aims are to enable participants, including PhD students and other advanced study cycles, as well as practitioners … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/schedule.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-27","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","latest_post"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/winterschool.web.ua.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/winterschool.web.ua.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/winterschool.web.ua.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/winterschool.web.ua.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/winterschool.web.ua.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/winterschool.web.ua.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":369,"href":"https:\/\/winterschool.web.ua.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27\/revisions\/369"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/winterschool.web.ua.pt\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}